104/105 Electronics for Non-Electronic Engineers (with Digital Electronics)
For Whom Intended This course is ideal for individuals whose primary formal training is not in the field of electronic engineering. Individuals with training in electronics have found course 104/105 to be an excellent refresher. Electrical controls and electronics are incorporated in almost every technical activity, and all technical personnel have to deal, at least to some extent, with some aspects of electrical engineering. A basic understanding of electronics is essential to better perform their main function.
Objectives To help participants to understand the concepts and terminology of electronics. It is not an in-depth electronics course but rather a course aimed at individuals who require an intensive review of basic principals, without the assumption of any prior knowledge of the topic. The course is fast-paced and as non-mathematical as possible.
Brief Course Description The course covers basic concepts of electrical theory, starting with the simple DC circuit and Ohm's Law. It describes the basic components encountered in electrical circuits, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors etc. The course discusses behavior of inductors and gives examples of circuit theory, including LCR circuits and filters, also transient RL circuit analysis. Resonant circuits and their applications are covered. The basic theory of transformers and their various types: power, current, potential and transformers used in measurement systems are discussed, as are rectifier and filter circuits.
Sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waveforms are discussed as they apply to electrical technology. Instrumentation is covered next, including measuring devices such as ohmmeters and voltmeters, before covering polyphase circuits used in power distribution.
Moving from electricity to basic electronics, we cover the theory of solid state electronics including semiconductor physics, diodes, transistors, FETs, thyristors and photoelectric devices. The course presents amplifiers, including the various applications of power amplifiers, negative feedback etc. This leads to the study of oscillators.
The course then delves into digital electronics, discussing numbering systems and binary arithmetic and then examining primitive logic functions and Boolean algebra. An introduction to digital troubleshooting is followed by presentations on state diagrams, tables and machines, and on analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion. Integrated circuits are discussed, along with memory and IC applications. The course concludes by looking at hybrid circuits.
An appendix provides material for further study in related mathematics, including vectors, phasors, RMS and scientific and engineering notation. Additional material regarding Electro-Static Discharge is also provided.
Related Courses TTi course 103, Introduction the Electronic Theory, is good for newcomers to electricity and electronics. TTi's open Course 104-3 omits the material on digital electronics. Course 105, Understanding Digital Electronics covers digital electronics in greater depth and with additional topics. The above courses, or any TTi course, may be presented on-site, at your facility.
Diploma Programs This course is required for TTi’s Electronic Design Specialist (EDS), Electronic Telecommunications Specialist (ETS), and Mechanical Design Specialist (MDS) Diploma Programs. It may be used to satisfy the 104 requirement of the Dynamic Test Specialist (DTS), Instrumentation Test Specialist (ITS) or Metrology/Calibration Specialist (MCS) diploma programs. It may be used as an optional course for any other TTi Specialist Diploma Program.
Text Each student will receive 180 days access to the on-line electronic course workbook. Renewals and printed textbooks are available for an additional fee.
Course Hours, Certificate and CEUs Class hours/days for on-site courses can vary from 14-35 hours over 2-5 days as requested by our clients. Upon successful course completion, each participant receives a certificate of completion and one Continuing Education Unit (CEU) for every ten class hours.
OnDemand Internet course 104/105 features over sixteen hours of video as well as more in-depth reading material. All chapters of course 104-105 are also available as OnDemand Internet Short Topics. See the course outline below for details.
Click for a printable course outline (pdf).
Course Outline
Chapter 0 - Introduction
- Review of a typical electronic circuit
- Schematic Diagram of a Radio Receiver
- Electronic Symbols and Abbreviations
- Path of Signals through Circuit
- Block Diagram
Chapter 1 - Electrical Fundamentals Review
- Electrostatic Field and Potentials
- Charge
- Conductors, Insulators
- Current, Voltage
- Ohm’s Law
- EMF
- Resistors
- Network Theorems
- Alternating Current
- Non-Sinusoidal Waveforms
- Square Waves
- Harmonics
- Analog vs. Digital Waveforms
- Examples
Chapter 2 - Capacitors and Inductors
- Capacitance
- Capacitors in DC Circuits
- Capacitors in Parallel
- Capacitors in Series
- Typical Inductors
- Inductance
- The Right-Hand Rule
- Inductance Examples
- Mutual Inductance
- Inductors in Series
- Inductors in Parallel
Chapter 3 - Transient R-C and R-L Circuits
- RC Time Constant
- RL Time Constant
Chapter 4 - Reactances in Series and Parallel
- Inductive and Capacitive Reactance
- Phasor Diagrams
- Impedances in Series or Parallel
- Parallel Reactance
- Examples
Chapter 5 - Series and Parallel Resonance
- Resonant Frequency
- Q of a Series Circuit
- Bandwidth of Series R-L-C Circuit
- Parallel Resonance
- Filters
Chapter 6 - Transformers
- Construction
- Equivalent Circuit
- Turns Ratio
- Power Relationships, Efficiency
- Impedance Matching
- Loosely coupled, Single and Double Tuned Transformers
Chapter 7 - Instrumentation Errors
- Average and RMS Values of Common Waveforms
- Decibels
- Log vs. Linear Scales
- Precision and Accuracy
- Errors
- Output Impedance, Loading
- Power Transfer, Impedance Matching
- How to use Meters
Chapter 8 - Laboratory/Workshop Safety
- Safety Guidelines
- Grounds
Chapter 9 - Analog and Digital Meters and Oscilloscopes
- Measurement of Resistance
- Ohmmeters
- Digital Electronic Meters
- Oscilloscopes
- Oscilloscope Probes
- Measurements:
- Current
- Time and Frequency
- Phase Measurements
- Oscilloscope Errors
- Digital Oscilloscopes
- Testing with a Function Generator
Chapter 10 - Electrical Power Circuits and Transmission Systems
- Alternating Current
- Single-Phase Electric Power and Electric Motors
- Three-phase Power Systems
- Power Transmission
Chapter 11 - Semiconductor Physics
- N-type and P-type Doping
- Diffusion
- Current Flow
Chapter 12 - Diodes
- Alloy Junction Diode
- Planar Technology (Diffusing)
- P-N Junction Behavior
- Junction Barrier
- Biasing
- Diode types
- Rectifier, Signal, Zener, Tuned
- Voltage Regulator
- Tunnel diodes
Chapter 13 - Transistors and Biasing
- NPN and PNP Transistors
- Amplifier Gain
- Common Base, Emitter, Collector Circuits
Chapter 14 - Field Effect Transistors (FETs)
- JFET
- Channel Depletion
- MOSFET
- N-channel Enhancement and Depletion
- Transfer Characteristics
Chapter 15 - Thyristors
- Operation of SCR
- I-V Characteristics of a Typical SCR
- Dimmers
Chapter 16 - Photo-electric Devices
- Photo-voltaic Cells/Solar Cells
- Photo Conductive Diodes
- Photo-transistors
- PIN Diodes
- High Gain Light Detector
- LASCR
- LED
Chapter 17 - Rectifiers and Filters
- Power Supply with a Regulator
- Half and Full Wave Rectifiers
- Bridge Rectifier
- Filters
- Capacitive Load
- Power Supply Loading
- Filter Choke
Chapter 18 - Introduction to Amplifiers
Chapter 19 - Amplifier Fundamentals and Considerations
- How Transistors Amplify
- Transistor voltage, Power Gain and Operating Point
- Base Bias Adjustment
- Operating Point Stabilization
- Bypass Capacitor
- Signal Clipping
- Classes
- Coupling Methods
- Resistive-Capacitance (RC) Coupling
- Direct Coupling
- Frequency Response
- Distortion
- Slewing Rate
Chapter 20 - Tuned Amplifiers
- Tuned Intermediate-Frequency (IF) Amplifiers
- AM and FM IF Bandwidths
- IF Amplifier Stage
- Detector and AGC Circuit
- RF Amplifiers
- Sensitivity
Chapter 21 - Oscillators
- Kinds of Oscillators
- Configurations
- Transistor Hartley, Colpitts or Clapp Oscillator
- Crystal Oscillator
- Colpitts Crystal Oscillator
- RC Oscillators
Chapter 22 - Feedback
- Types of Negative Feedback
- Voltage Shunt Feedback
- Input Impedance
- Voltage Series
Chapter 23 - Differential Amplifiers
- One Input
- Two Inputs
- Common Mode Rejection
Chapter 24 - Operational Amplifiers
- Characteristics
- Mini-DIP Integrated Circuit
- External Feedback
- Op Amp Circuits: Inverting or Noninverting Amplifier
- Follower
- Summing Amplifier
- Gain and Frequency Response
- Basic Cautions
Chapter 25 - Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion
- Analog-to-Digital Conversion
- Digital-to-Analog Conversion
- Output Waveform of DAC
- Percentage Resolution
- Motor Control
Chapter 26 - Numbering Systems and Binary Arithmetic
- Binary
- Decimal
- Octal
- Hexadecimal
- Binary Addition and Subtraction
- Signed Binary Numbers
- Binary Multiplication
Chapter 27 - Primitive Logic Functions
- NOT, AND, OR, XOR, NAND, NOR, XNOR
Chapter 28 - Boolean Algebra and Karnaugh Maps
- Constants and Variables
- Truth Tables
- Algebraic Representation of Logic Circuits
- Circuits from Boolean Expressions
- DeMorgan's Theorems
- Universality of NAND gates and NOR gates
- Karnaugh Maps
Chapter 29 - Introduction to Digital Troubleshooting
- Classification of Faults
- Intermittent versus Permanent
- External versus Internal
- Parametric versus Logic
- Static versus Dynamic
- Test Equipment
- Static and Dynamic Measurements
- Fault Localization, Fault Isolation
- Testing for Dynamic Faults
Chapter 30 - State Diagrams, Tables and Machines
- Coin-Operated Vending Machine
- State Diagram for Controller
- State Table for Controller
- State Machines-Moore, Mealy
- State Assignment
- Binary Encoded State Assignment
- Minimized Boolean Equations
Chapter 31 - Memory
- Memory Technology
- General Memory Operations
- Memory Considerations
- ROM · RAM · Static RAM (SRAM)· Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
- Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs)
- Magnetic and Optical Memories
- Digital System Application
Chapter 32 - Circuit Board Technology
- Subtractive Process
- Additive Process
- Single-sided Boards
- Surface Mount Technology
- Double-sided Boards
- Multilayer Boards
- Backplanes and Motherboards
Chapter 33 - Integrated Circuits
- Fabrication Process
- Packaging Process
- Noise Immunity
- Power Dissipation
- Propagation Delay
- Speed-Power Product
Chapter 34 - Hybrid Circuits
- Hybrid Substrates
- Thick-Film Process
- Thin-Film Process
- Assembly Process
- Packaging Process
Appendix A - Glossary of Terms
Appendix B - Mathematical Fundamentals
- Basic Math Operations
- Math Reference
- Mathematical Symbols
- Conversions
- Useful Constants
- Trigonometric Ratios
- Scientific and Engineering Notation
- Greek Letter Symbols
- Radians
- Trigonometry
- Vectors
- Angular Frequency
- Linear and Angular Velocity
- Phase Difference
- Complex Algebra
- Converting from Rectangular to Polar Form
- Average (Mean) and rms Values •
- Phasors, Impedance •
- General AC Vectors
- Ohm’s Law •
- Scientific and Engineering Notation Practice
Appendix C1 - Electrical Fundamentals—Background and Examples
Appendix C3 - Transient R-C and R-L Circuits—Examples
Appendix C4 - Reactive AC Circuits—Examples
Appendix C28 - More about Boolean Algebra
Appendix C33 - Integrated Circuit Technology
Appendix D - Electrostatic Discharge
Appendix E - Integrated Circuit Applications
Summary, Discussion
Final Review
Award of Certificates for Successful Completion
Click for a printable course outline (pdf).
Revised 6/21/2018